Channel Design For Packaged Coconut Water Marketing Essay

Channel Design For Packaged Coconut Water Marketing Essay Through secondary research on supply chain in developed markets like USA and Europe, and also in emerging markets like Africa which are huge markets for packaged coconut water, we have tried to look at aspects like sourcing, transportation and distribution. Existing distribution channel in India for FMCG goods and beverages were also studied to understand the current scenario. Indian retail market dynamics are different for rural and urban areas and hence both were studied in detail to find out the most suitable model for both the markets. Finally, we have proposed a hybrid model consisting of a model for urban markets and a different model for rural markets. Contents INTRODUCTION The supply of coconut water in India is still very much fragmented and although it is available in packed bottles and pouches in some parts of India , the supply of it is mostly on roadside shops and road vendors, which is mainly the unorganized market. Hence we have studied the ways companies actually do business in coconut water in other countries where the supply chain is developed and has a bigger market than we have in India. There are different models which are opted for in different places of the world depending on the customer preferences, customer awareness, and the market size and growth rate. Although in India, mostly the production is in rural places, there needs to be developed a robust and efficient distribution channel whereby the coconuts are transported from these small rural places to processing plants and factories. The market for coconut water beverages grew by 100 per cent in 2011, taking the retail sale value of US and European markets to over $265 million (Rs.1,457 crore). The market is slated to grow another 50 per cent this year. Bottled in exotic flavours and in stylish cartons, its expensive: About $4 (Rs.220) a can. But its still available at  Rs.10-30 in Indian bazaars OBJECTIVES Our objective is to study and design distribution strategies for packaged coconut water. We intend to examine the intricacies of the category setup in the area of distribution channel, schemes, margins, partners, and transportation from various on and off field experiences. The project will cover the scope of both the traditional general trade/rural as well as the emergent modern trade. We plan to understand the distribution channel for existing packaged drinks and then identify the feasible options available for coconut water. We will conduct our study using primary or secondary data and design a distribution channel for the same. A detailed description of the designed channel will be given and a comparative study will also be undertaken. We will base our design keeping the following framework in mind: Precondition of marketing channel formation Identification of goals of distribution Specifications of the tasks of distribution Provision of alternative structure of marketing channel Analysis of factors influencing the performance of marketing channel Setting the optimum structure of marketing channel Selection of marketing channel intermediaries LITERATURE REVIEW Title-1: DEMYSTIFYING SUPPLY STRATEGY FOR COCONUT WATER Source: Beroe Inc Samyuktha S.R | Senior Research Analyst Paradigm Shift in the Coconut Water Market 2012 à ¨ à ¨ à ¨ 2020 Concentrated demand: The demand for coconut water is mainly from the developed countries, especially from the US. There is an increasing demand from EU and Australia as well. Demand Focus Demand across the globe: Increasing per capita income, and disposable income across the developing regions will attract more demand for coconut water. Level of Shift Price premium: At present, coconut water is priced roughly double of other mass market sports drinks. Price Equivalence Price parity: It is essential to bring the prices of coconut water to similar price points of other existing product category to sustain in the market. Level of Shift Expansion of product portfolio: The major beverage manufacturers are currently expanding their product portfolio comprising more naturally healthy drinks such as coconut water and RTD Tea. Consumer Preference Market cannibalization: There is potential threat from naturally healthy drinks category that can cannibalize the existing traditional soft drinks. This might be eating soft drink manufacturers original market leading to an overall decline in sales. Level of Shift Lower product differentiation: There are currently very few variation introduced coconut water. Till now it has come in standard flavors primarily fruit derived. Degree of Product Variation Higher product differentiation: There is high possibility of introducing multiple flavors and product enhancement in terms of introducing newer/innovative product line derived out of coconut water namely low calorie smoothies. Level of Shift Regional Insights Coconut Water: Factors US Europe Southeast Asia Market Share Consolidated Consolidated Fragmented Vita Coco is the largest player in the US which holds roughly 60% of the share. In the EU, Green coco is the leading player, but in Southeast Asia the market is highly fragmented. Coconut Availability Low Low High Southeast Asian countries are the largest coconut producing countries. Large quantities of coconut are available in these regions for extracting coconut water. Consumer Awareness Low Low High The natural beverage has a locational advantage in tropical belts in terms of widespread consumer awareness about its health and nutritional benefits due to centuries-long use unlike other regions namely the US and EU. Health Consciousness High High Low-Medium Increasing health awareness across the EU and US have resulted in growing demand for health focused drinks. This has paved way for the demand for coconut water in the recent past. Supplier Strategy The present procurement strategy by coconut water manufacturers is by entering into a long-term contract with multiple suppliers across the major coconut producing countries like the Philippines and Indonesia to ensure supply assurance. However, there is possible shift in the style of long term sourcing strategy by the companiesin the coming years to make certain on continuous supply of coconut water by either becoming a major/minor stake holder in the suppliers firm or by vertical integration. By vertically integration the companies are bound to own coconut plantation which requires high investment and trained labor to take care of plantations. Nevertheless the companies can have assured supply through vertical integration excluding unfavorable weather conditions, which has a critical role to play in terms of supply disruption. Procurement strategy overview and outlook GAPS IN THE LITERATURE: The paper fails to mention how the emerging countries in Asia would need to do to in order to achieve a distribution system where the product is available in all small rural outlets as well, because the market structure is different in countries like India as compared to the developed supply chain system in developed western countries. Title-2: CREATING A DISTRIBUTION ADVANTAGE IN INDIA Source:www. bcg. com/CreatingDistributi onAdvantageinIndiaMay07 Authors: Vikram bhalla, Abheeksinghi, Sharad varma India has become worlds largest markets for consumer goods Due to fast growing of retail sector, India has been host to consumer multinational companies for several decades Indeed, quite a few Indians think of Unilever, Nestle Philips Electronics as Indian companies Retailing density with more than 12 billion retail outlets ,India has highest retailing densities in the world Still India is relatively new territory with a number of inter-related factors that make distribution channel challenging. Most distribution models in India involve many intermediaries between companies and their retailers. Other distribution involves both retailers and Wholesalers who are served directly by the manufacturer. Infrastructure complexity- Only few full service distribution companies operate GAPS IN LITERATURE: The literature does not mention what should be the distribution strategy for a small price product like coconut water, which also needs to be converted from the tree into the hands of the consumer in s small period of time to avoid the product getting spoiled. Title 3: ANALYSIS EVALUATION OF DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS IN FMCG Source:http: // www.beemanagement Authors: Bee Management consultancy private limited. The supply chain of products in the FMCG market in India is one of the longest supply chains an industry could really have. There are as many as 5 levels of intermediaries involved in the entire supply chain. Even though these FMCG companies are big multinationals and Indian but face a major challenge of making their products available in the market in the right quantities and in the right time FMCGs dont really have a wide network of sales agents and other force which is required and is ideal for catering their products to the markets. This aspect is taken over by distributors, wholesalers and retailer whose margins on these products actually double the price of these products when a final consumer buys it. These products are transported either via roadways or railways within the domestic markets and normally dont take more than a week to reach the retailers. The distribution activities are highly volatile and dynamic. Since its a volume game, manufacturers make all possible efforts to boost sales and promote their distributors to earn more and more orders from the retailers and wholesalers. GAPS IN LITERATURE: The gaps in the paper with respect to coconut water would include how the supply chain system would be different for the product as most of the sourcing takes place from the rural parts of the country and the demand lies in both the rural and urban area, hence the rural demand needs to be met with the units supplied directly from the rural areas and the rest needs to be transported to the urban processing plants. Research Methodology We have taken the following research methodology: Secondary Research- Research was carried out to understand the existing distribution system for coconut water for any player and any market. Since the product category is mainly dominated by unorganized players, beverages industry was analyzed as the product category was similar to the coconut water. Major sources for secondary research were websites, literature review and articles. Primary research- Research was done to find out the expectation of the consumers from coconut water and to profile the customer based on data analysis to target for our product. Convenience sampling was used. CHANNEL MEMBERS Traditionally in our country a consumer has had a particular ritual before purchasing the coconut water. The ritual begins with first selecting the best coconut and it is opened in from of him and then he drinks it. This is very much different from the experience of buying a coconut water drink from at tetra pack. Modern Trade/Large Chain Retailers Direct access to the consumer Demands contribution margins, discounts etc. from the Brand Small Individual Retailers Huge number of small point sales Can also buy products directly through cash and carry or modern trade Indirect channel (Wholesalers) Play a fundamental role in beverage distribution Possess critical information regarding volumes of sales, competitors beverages etc. Price Cleanliness FreshnessFactors Governing Production Location Coconut water has been known for its natural health benefits that it offers to human kind. The benefit are well scripted in the traditional texts of Ayurveda and Unani. Coconut water has been said to provide minerals and energy, and prevent from dehydration in case of summers in the tropics. The tender coconut water has been said to improve digestion and help in the cure of UTI. But, to come up with coconut water drink in packaged form and to cater regions all across India definitely requires answering some essential questions including the areas of high production of coconut, the demand of coconut water in the country, what is the current coconut production, etc. The following factors can be taken into consideration while determining the production location: Procurement of Raw materials and location: Today, India is one of the leading producers of coconut in the world (ranks third) producing 13 million tonnes per annum. Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh are the highest producing states contributing 90% of coconut production in India which can be seen from the table (for year 2006-07) shown below. Area under cultivation in India is around 1.93 million Hectare where Kerala has the highest cultivation area of 0.898 million Hectare. In India, productivity for coconut has been increasing since past decade. In 2006 -07, productivity increased from 7608 to 8165 coconuts per hectare. Table 1: State wise production and productivity of coconut States Productivity(nuts/ hectare) Production (mn nuts/annum) Kerala 7046 6326 Tamil Nadu 13133 4867 Karnataka 3139 1210 Andhra Pradesh 8577 892 West Bengal 323.5 Orissa 274.6 Maharashtra 914548 273.4 Assam 204.9 Source: www.indiastat.com From the table, it can also be seen that Maharashtra has the highest productivity for coconut. Therefore, in future, it might come up as the largest producer of coconut if more area is brought under cultivation. Hence, one can say that there is a huge potential in India as far as production of coconut is concerned which is directly linked to the potential of coconut market. Proximity to raw material suppliers Coconut is considered as the cash crop by a lot of people living near the coastal areas. Moreover close to 7000 km of coastline in the country has given accessibility like no other in India. Any region which is in proximity (about 100-150km) to these coastal areas and is accessible by major towns and city should be considered. Proximity to domestic customers and export site Northern and Western parts of India are seen as a potential customer base as coconut availability is low in these regions. Hence the proposed region of production should be well connected with these parts of India. Moreover these parts also have ports (both ship and airports) for export of coconut water to other neighbouring countries. Costs The location should provide advantage in terms of low inbound costs owing to proximity to major procurement centres. In case the location lies in rural region, labour costs are cheap. Outbound cost in terms of product distribution and marketing should be low owing to the proximity to the domestic markets. Water availability should be readily available and cheap. Infrastructure Availability of power supply, telephone, mobile and internet connectivity are some of the infrastructural resources of the area. Connectivity to nearest railway station and airports should be taken into account. Moreover transfer of coconut water in particular conditions of temperature should be maintained so as to increase the shelf life of the product. Quality of Labour In a rural area, semi skilled labour required for manual operations is available cheaply. For the technical operations, technicians can be hired locally on as per need. Highly skilled technical labour would have to be incentivized to work in rural markets, but may also be hired on as freelancers. CHANNEL DESIGN Intensive Distribution Network Intensive Distribution is when a product is made available in many retailers. The products that are sold intensively are usually low priced or impulse purchase products.An example of the use of Intensive Distribution would be for chocolate bars. They can be found almost everywhere (grocery stores, department stores, convenience stores, gas stations, etc.) In this type of distribution the sellers unit costs for stocking are low. The convenience for customer is critical as most of the products are impulse buy products. In intensive distribution the product is everywhere. An example would be the retailing of gasoline. If you look at all the major retail outlets, they are on every corner. In an intensive distribution, the stocking costs are typically very low. Convenience for the customer is critical. When they decide that they need gas or toothpaste, youd better be there. Convenience is more important to the customer, whereas in selective distribution they are willing to travel to a retail outlet and have fewer choices for that type of product. Urban Distribution Network Company Carry and forwarding agents Redistributing agents Wholesalers Rural retailers Urban Retailers Consumers In this, the company directly supplies its product to the retailers which helps them to save the margin, which they give to the wholesalers and it also ensures quick availability of the product to the retailer. The flowchart above depicts the scenario. The company manufactures the product which is then sent to the carry and forwarding agents. After Manufacturing of the product, it needs to be sent to the market for sales distribution. This is where CF (Carry forward) agents come into picture. They act as a link between company distributor. They transfer stock from company to distributors. The distributors then make the product available in the market through retail dealer channel Rural Distribution Network Since last five years beverage companies had started penetrating rural marketing also. For the rural sector these companies are working on Hub and Spoke model. To reach out to rural India, we need to start out by drawing up a hit list of high potential villages from various districts. So to ensure full loads, large distributors (Hubs) need to be appointed, and they would supply the product from the  companys depot in  large towns and  cities.  . The hubs would appoint smaller distributors (Spokes) in adjoining area so that the goods can be distributed. Below is the diagram illustrating the same. CONSUMER PROFILING Since we are coming up with a product at the national level, therefore, it is important to identify the industry. Customers and consumers behaviors help to correctly define ones industry. Therefore, we conducted survey to identify the industry where our product will have an existence. The sample size was around 80 people out of which 96% people drink coconut water. Convenience sampling was used because of the time constraint. From this it can be seen around half of the people in the sample perceive coconut water as health drink and around 45% people perceive it as refreshing drink. From the survey, it has also been seen that people mainly prefer coconut water when they are thirsty, tired or when they want some health drink. As an overall perspective we can see that close to 80% consumers perceive coconut to be related to nutrition and wellbeing of their body. Others Thirst quencher Refreshing Drink Health drink No response What do you consider coconut water? 100 80 60 40 20 0 Percent Thus, from the survey results, it can be clearly seen that the product should have an existence in Health and refreshing industry which we, here, are considering it to be fruit juice industry as fruit juices are also perceived in the same way. Here, one might argue why not (Carbonated) soft drink industry? The reason why we are not placing our product in the same is that people do not consider carbonated drinks as health drinks, but thirst quenchers. Since we are positioning our product as health and refreshing drink so fruit juice industry suits the best which is also backed up by the survey so conducted. STP ANALYSIS: Segmentation: Demographic: The youth (Age: 15-30) will be the main target segment whereas the people of middle age will be the spillover segments. Geographic: We will target both rural and urban areas. Psychographic: Socioeconomic classification is done in rural and urban areas. Behavioural: This will be done taking into account the benefits and usage rate, as required by target customers. Targeting: Our target group of consumers would comprise people from SEC A and SEC B in urban areas and R1 R2 in rural areas, health conscious people, the youth who consider going natural as fashionable and also institutional buyers like airlines, railways, upmarket restaurants and hotels. We would also target doctors who would recommend our product to their clients. This would provide an immense opportunity to us to create a stronghold in the market and generate higher revenues and superior economic profitability. Positioning: We are positioning our product as a natural health drink that is extremely nutritive and also highly refreshing. Its tagline will be Naturally Refreshing MARKETING MIX: Product: Product is different from what we get from roadside coconut vendors since the shelf life of such products is very low. Our product has a shelf life of 9 months and hence making it available to a wide range of markets becomes easier since customers would rest assured of the quality of this product. We would also apply for accreditation by authorized food agencies like FPO and other quality control certifying agencies like HACCP. Packaging: Tetra packs will be made available both for small as well as large SKUs. The colour of the packs will be palm green and there will be images of green cocounuts, prominently displayed to reinforce the positioning of the brand. In the urban centers, especially in modern trade, plastic bottle packs will also be made available for SKUs greater than 500ml. Price: We would price our product competitively. We would initially launch the product in tetra packs of 200 ml and 1 lt capacity priced at Rs. 20 and Rs. 95 respectively. This is almost in line with our competitors pricing strategy. For rural areas, focus will be on Rs.5 and Rs. 10 SKUs. These packs will drive penetration through trials. This would ensure greater returns to us and also project a high end quality image of the product in the eyes of consumers. Place: Our processing unit would be located in Tamil Nadu since the procurement would be done from nearby places. So, we would be saving on inbound transportation costs. We are launching the product throughout the country in one go, mainly targeting the northern, western and eastern market. Focus will be on Traditional trade, for intensive distribution. This will include paan shops, LEG, HEG and chemists as well. Modern trade: In urban areas, there is huge potential of modern retail formats and our product will be made available in Hypermarts, Supermarts and Food Stores. Alternative Channels: We will also focus on convenience aspect of marketing channel. The packaged coconut water will be sold in various bus depots, airports, transit points and railway stations. The on-the-go proposition of the product makes it an ideal option for consumers to get instantly refreshed when they are travelling. Promotion: We would take up heavy promotional campaign to build awareness about our product and to push it in the market. We would keep track of activities that our competitors would be doing so that we can strategize further. We would incentivize our channel partners and create a push strategy to gain more shelf space. Heavy advertising and brand promotion activities would be taken up to increase visibility of our product. Since we are new players and unknown to consumers, we need to spend heavily on the above mentioned activities so that we can sustain competition from giants in the industry and eventually overtake them. We would also consider sponsoring T.V. shows, sports events and cultural nights so that our target consumers can be made more aware of our brand. We understand that building good relationship with our suppliers, channel partners and customers would be the formula for our success in the market. Focus will be on ATL as well as BTL campaigns. ATL: An ad campaign with a southern actor with mass appeal can be launched to popularize the brand. BTL: This will be the prime focus area especially for promotions in alternative channel routes. Such campaigns will help in boosting sales and make the product a quick-recall refreshing option for the customers. We would be placing our product mainly in modern format retail stores, hypermarkets where new ideas are more readily accepted by consumers. Here we would have a greater chance of showcasing ourselves and increasing our visibility. Besides, these are places which are frequented by our target group of customers. We would like to ensure that the quality of our product is intact when it is in the market and hence we would like to sell it through stores that take good care of inventory, have good and adequate storage facilities. Also, we would be able to track not only our sales and turnover but also that of our competitors. This data would be available through the store manager because unlike traditional retailers, he would be engaged in systematic data management and record keeping. SWOT Analysis of our product Packaged coconut water Limitation and Future Scope of Research Limitation: The research on channel design is qualitative rather than quantitative. It is very difficult to assign weightage to different parameter for choice of channel design. The research suffers from the perception of service output with respect to another. A different set of researcher may have given different weightage to different parameters and hence could have come out with different recommendations. Current market is unorganized and there are very few and small organized players. The research is heavily borrowed from the experience of beverage industry as the product characteristics are perceived to be more or less similar. We havent considered e-commerce as the channel for the product Future Scope of research: As the market is naÃÆ' ¯ve, so there is a lot of scope for new players. In future, if the intermediaries happen to be removed from the distribution channel with companies directly selling the product to the consumers like in US and the coconut water market gets more organized, the distribution channel strategy might have to be revamped. As there is no current established market leader in this category, we are trying to replicate distribution strategy of current beverages industry in India. So again if the market grows substantially in future, the present distribution needs to be changed drastically and a completely different distribution model might have to be designed. We can also think of selling directly to consumers through e-commerce. CONCLUSION Setting up a distribution channel for coconut water requires some strategies which are different from traditional distribution methods for other products like aerated drinks, mineral water etc. There is huge potential for a product like packaged coconut water to work in a country like India. Coconut is already seen as a product which is very useful in daily requirements of households in southern parts of the country, and coconut water is seen as a product which would essentially quench thirst for the people as well as have some nutritional value. Designing a packaged coconut water drink has some unique challenges in itself. To market the product, we not only have to look at the aspect of providing just coconut water to the end consumer, but provide a solution to him, so that he can quench his thirst, and also get the nutritional benefits provided by coconut water. For this purpose we have used a systematic approach to design the distribution channel for coconut water. Despite coconut waters potential as a competitor in the bottled beverage market, attempts to capture those qualities in a commercial product have been largely unsuccessful. Once exposed to air, coconut water begins to ferment, and rapidly loses most of its organoleptic and nutritional characteristics. To eliminate the risk of bacterial growth, commercial bottlers are forced to sterilize the product using high-temperature/short-time pasteurization, which destroys some of coconut waters nutrients and almost the entire flavor. We have studied some of the current channel designs currently being used for distribution of aerated drinks, and figured out how different strategies are being used to distribute the products in rural as well as urban areas. Also, while designing a new channel we have to keep in mind that the Indian retail setup is such that still only 2 % of all retail takes placed through organized retail. The rest of the retail still takes place through unorganized channel and this leads to a lot of intermediaries being involved in the traversal of the product from the manufacturer to the end consumer, which provides its own unique challenges. According to our consumer survey, we have figured out that the ideal way to position our product is as a health drink which refreshes, so it is placed on a pedestal where it might be put by the consumer in the same category as a packaged fruit juice. This particular product category is growing at a very fast pace, with more and more people becoming health conscious and going for products which are healthy and refreshing. There has also been a general trend of people going for substitutes of aerated drinks as thirst quenchers as opposed to say 10 years ago. We intend to use an intensive distribution strategy mostly in northern parts of the country, because in those parts there might also be some novelty factor attached to coconut water, as it would not be as readily available as in the southern parts of the country. In the end we would like to add that in a market like India, no particular channel can be said to be an ideal distribution channel. Multinationals which have been operating in India for many years now have seen that even for marketing the same SKU to different sections of consumers, altogether new channels need to be setup in some cases, whereas some modifications need to be made in other cases. Hence we would initially target those segments of the consumers where we feel that maximum chances are there for innovators segme

Assess The Individual In A Health And Social Care Setting Essay

As a part of my role I go out and assess potential residents that are looking to be admitted to the Home where I work. The usual process is that someone telephones or visits, whether it be a Social Worker, a family member, a Health Care Professional from Hospital or the perspective resident themselves. We have an assessment form for this stage we call a Resident Enquiry form, basic details are asked of the potential resident and contact details are noted as well as medical conditions, and a brief overall picture of the person. Once a visit has been arranged or if they happen to come unannounced which is recommended, I give them some information after they have had a look around the Home and asked any questions they may have. The information includes our Home brochure, our statement of purpose, our CSSIW report and Local Authority report and a newsletter. It is extremely important to work in partnership with other agencies involved with the potential resident to be able to provide the right care needed and the right social environment and know their personal choices etc. It should enable a smooth cross over into the Care setting, with all their needs being met and staff are able to get an overview of the resident’s needs as well as their personality, hobbies, character etc. Looking at this unit I have discovered several styles of assessment, the questioning model, which is something I often do when assessing a resident, as I personally feel it can be impersonal sat filling in a form in front of them, as if they have to pass a certain test to be allowed to come to the Home. I prefer to ask, listen, process the information, and then go and fill out the form after I have finished chatting to the resident. This method is however led by me as the service provider; I have to decide if our Home is able to meet their needs as I ask some of the questions that we have on our assessment form that we use. Read more:  Essay About Assess Individual in Health Care I don’t particularly like the procedure model as it appears that the potential resident has to tick all the right boxes to get a place in our care Home. If unsuitable for whatever reason they may feel rejection,  insignificant, upset and worried. The exchange model sounds the best as it puts the person being assessed as the expert and I would like to put an assessment across this way, and ask things like how do you think we as a Home can help you? Etc. The resident should be the most important person in all decisions being made prior to coming into our care Home. They are the ones that are going to be affected, emotionally, physically, mentally, a disruption to their usual daily life, a huge significant change, giving up their own homes, with so many memories and treasures. Our standard resident assessment form – prior to admission, is set out much like our enquiry form but in much more depth, the form is designed as a rough guide of questions to ask prior to assessment to ensure that the Home has the right facilities, environment to meet their needs. Not all of the form is filled in with the potential resident, some questions are asked of the Nursing Staff, family or social worker. I think that when assessing a resident it is important to gain their trust, get to know them and chat about other things not only what is on the form. I like to talk about the Home where I work; describing it, the staff, the Home owner, the dog, the food then let them ask me questions if they wish which they usually do. I try and be as positive as I can about them coming into care, describing activities that take place, the fun we have at Christmas and birthdays, the productions the staff perform for the residents etc. The elderly often think of care homes as the end, defeated, giving up, sadness, etc, I like to help them see things differently if I can, that together we can help them continue to be happy, continue their way of lives as best as we can, that they will never be alone or afraid, that someone is always around if they need them, that they will make new friends etc. When assessing I believe I use a mix of the questioning and the exchange model. Recently I was asked to show a couple around our Home, which I did of course. After looking around the Home I sat and chatted with them answering various questions and taking details off them as they were extremely keen for their relative to come to us as soon as possible. The potential resident was in  hospital and initially the advice give to the family who has no Social services interaction thus far, was to go down that route, get a social worker involved to assess, to offer support with choice of a home, the financial procedures etc. The family were happy with this route as there was no immediate hurry for her to be admitted, she was currently in hospital recovering after a water infection and some dizziness. Two days later the family contacted the Home asking if someone could come and assess their Mum as soon as possible, because after telling their Mum they had visited us and how the Home was, she was very eager to come to us straight away and the Social services had told the family that it may be several weeks for them to come and see and start the process going. The family were afraid the bed we had available might go, that the only involvement they needed from Social services would be to set up a care assessment and a contract of agreed care needed as the financial help would not be required as she would be privately funding herself. I chatted with my Manager who agreed that it was in this lady’s best interest to go and assess her as she wanted to leave hospital and come to us, so after contacting the ward in the hospital to let them know we would be coming to assess Mrs G, we both went to assess her in hospital the next day, which the family were thrilled about. I took the lead in her assessment and asked the nurses on the reception area if I could pleas come and assess Mrs. G and where I was from and my position, they then told us where to go to find her. Mrs G was absolutely lovely; she was really pleased to meet us and asked immediately when can I come to you. We chatted for a while, she said that we could ask her anything and sh e would tell us whatever we needed to know. We talked about where we both lived, about our children, about old Aberdare, how things have changed. She told me she was not going home to her house as she was afraid of being alone and wanted company. We had a few giggles as we shared some funny stories about our families, then I asked her a few questions about her basic needs and abilities. I didn’t write anything down whilst I was chatting with her as I felt it would be rude, I asked her what we could do for her, what she likes to do, what interests she has etc. She was really open about everything and was so pleased to know she could get out of hospital and come to us. She asked me what happens next, when she could come. I said I was going to have a chat with the nurses first, then the home owner then make arrangements for  an admission date if she was happy with that, she of course was. I went to find a nurse that had been looking after Mrs G, I asked how she was as a patient in the hospital, and she said she was a lovely lady, no problem whatsoever, independent though sometimes forgetful, does everything herself, sleeps well, but is at risk of falling. The nursing staff had given Mrs G a zimmer whilst in hospital, and the impression I was give was that they weren’t very keen on their patients moving around in case they fall. I thanked the nurse for her assistance and told her I would be in touch once an admission date had been arranged. I telephoned the Home Owner to ask when it would be convenient for Mrs G to be admitted, if there were any jobs he needed to do in the empty bedroom, he said that she could come whenever she was ready. Mrs G and her family were of course thrilled with this news and an admission date was arranged and the ward staff informed. Two days later Mrs G was admitted to the Home and is still very happy and settled with us. Her early assessment enabled her to come to us within a few days, she was unhappy in hospital in a bay on her own, she knew she couldn’t manage at home and didn’t want to anymore and wanted to get a bed with us, as she was familiar with our Home, she had actually visited some friends of hers that lived in the Home for a while, several years previously. After her admission is when the real paperwork assessments and care plans, risk assessments take place, the personal history forms, care profiles, likes dislikes etc all have to be completed. This was all done with Mrs G present and asking her opinion on what was put in place for her. You will see by her care plans that I recommended she be weighed regularly as she was really small, 5 stone on admission and not a great eater, I later recommended if things deteriorated she be referred to a dietician, which she has since being admitted. Her daughter and she agreed she no longer needed a zimmer frame; she now walks without one and is perfectly safe and able to do so. She does forget to wash and dress, she does like to stay in her room some days, she might forget to wear underwear, she likes to walk up and down the stairs unaided and go back and fore to her room and the garden whenever she likes, which is all ok, it is all accounted for in her care plans and  risk assessments and she is happy and settled and her family are happy too.

Crowdfunding

Grounding is a virtual phenomenon that aims to promote the realization of projects as varied as possible through the financial contribution of people who are interested in the implementation of such initiatives, motivated by several factors. To better understand the concept, we can break down the name in that crowd, in English, means â€Å"crowd†; and funding, ‘financing† Thus, it can be considered that are projects carried out by financing of a crowd of an audience. But is not based on â€Å"public† in â€Å"public money†, but money invested by the public itself.The various projects such as, for example, ultra nature, such as the production of a CD of a band or the publication of a book, are hosted on a site geared to attract collective donations towards the realization of the submitted work. â€Å"(OCTET , Fluvial – Libber – So Paulo v 15, n 29, p 135-144, June 2012) The history Of Grounding in the Brazilian market: The pioneering the use grounding in Brazil was the Vagina site, which enables any type of project, from cultural to staff personal projects, such as buying a mobile phone or even a car.This idea has been widespread and well accepted by the domestic market, is a new way of achieving a project, wrought the collective funding, the taxpayer donates because there is an identification with the project, and there are various forms of return, for example, an audiovisual production company is in need of 40,000 areas for the post production of a documentary on Iris's velars January, from that are created various mechanisms for attraction of such a taxpayer as videos of the creators of the project inviting people to donate and be part of the project, establish quotas, up to a certain value the taxpayer can download the documentary before the release, the other value win tickets to watch the commentary in theaters, finally there are several ways to attract that donor. Reception: My perception is that the Groundi ng is only a reflection of the new project finance models, drawing a parallel with the current state of the music industry, where there are 10, 20 years ago the artist was completely dependent on a record company to manage to get a album released on the market, recording studios were very expensive, and with the evolution of technology that has changed, anyone can pay your own album with little investment or even at home recordings. Grounding is only a new way, a espouse to former entertainment chain in which the artist was dependent on labels or sponsors today with people who identify with the project, there is a good chance enables you through the collective funding. Example Grounding: catharsis: The Catharsis is an exchange space between individuals that together enable the realization of creative projects. We believe that connecting people who share value as to a cause, an idea, a project is one of the best ways to make them come true. Be very welcome!This space is as yours as o urs, after all, Catharsis happens every day the adhering of people looking for new ways to give life to more initiatives of society itself. We understand that this is a alternative to government resources, by sponsors and not the banks. Legal barriers: Another point to be discussed are the legal barriers that grounding can face, as is a new method, there are no laws regulating the practice in the Brazilian market, same problem faced by group buying sites. One example is that all capital made by donors can not leave the country, the project has to happen in the domestic market, many foreign companies grounding can not enter our market because of this barrier.

The Types Of Marriages Or Living Situations - 1795 Words

The types of marriages or living situations has been continuing to grow. There are arranged marriages, consenting marriages, polygamy, cohabitation, breadwinner/homemaker model. Arranged marriages were talked about above. These marriages are one sin which the parents have total control over the children. They pick and choose who will marry their children without the child’s consent. They were done for wealthy, politics, alliances, and kinship. Consenting marriages were not something that came easy. These only came about after the church stepped into a government position. Consent was as easy as saying the two were together. Eventually this became too controversial and laws were implanted to make the laws stronger about marriage. In order for a marriage to be seen as valid, a woman had to have a dowry, banns need to be posted, and they weddings should take place in front of witnesses. Later on, the dowry was replaced with the man taking the woman out for dinner or a movie. The man was supposed to pay. Today, there is no exchange of money between families and the party is by invitation only. It is more a private matter and a celebration based on choice. Polygamy was practiced in the earlier ages during hunter gatherer societies and when wealth, status, and an heir was needed. Polygamy is marrying many women. During this time, more women meant more status. It also meant more of a chance that one of the women will produce a male heir. Cohabitation came along when it was easierShow MoreRelated How Divorce Effects Kids Essay951 Words   |  4 Pagesso many of these marriages ending? What does marriage mean to people nowadays and why do people decide to get married? Records show us that people have been getting married for as long as the earliest recorded history. There are many benefits for couples who have a successful marriage. 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